NATIONAL DAY OF PAKISTAN

1861 London's first tram cars began operating from Bayswater, designed by a Mr Train from New York.

1891 Goal nets, the invention of JA Brodie of Liverpool, were used for the first time in an FA Cup Final.

1919 In Italy, the Fascist Party was founded by Benito Mussolini.

1921 Donald Campbell, who emulated his father, Sir Malcolm, by breaking land and water-speed records, was born in Horley, Surrey.

1921 EW Hornung, author of the Raffles books, died in France. He dedicated his first book to his brother-in-law Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, creator of Sherlock Holmes.

1923 The BBC began broadcasting SOS messages to people who were awayfrom home and needed to be contacted urgently.

1966 The first official meeting for 400 years between the Catholic and the Anglican churches took place in Rome between Pope Paul VI and Dr Ramsey, the Archbishop of Canterbury.

1971 Bangladesh, formerly East Pakistan, proclaimed its independence.

1981 Englishman Mike Hailwood, nine times world motor cycling champion,died with his nine-year-old daughter in a car crash.

1991 In a speech to Conservatives at Southport, John Major outlined plans for his Citizen's Charter.

ON THIS DAY LAST YEAR: Cricketer Ben Hollioake's father fought back tears as he spoke of the devastation of losing his 24-year-old son in a horrific road accident.

BIRTHDAYS: Sir Roger Bannister, first four-minute miler, 74; Barry Cryer, writer/comedian, 68; Michael Nyman, composer, 59; Alan Bleasdale, playwright, 57; Chaka Khan, singer, 50; Amanda Plummer, actress, 46; Sir Steve Redgrave, rower, 41; Marti Pellow, singer and actor, 37; Damon Albarn, rock singer (Blur), 35; Mike Atherton, cricketer, 35; Natascha McElhone, actress, 32; Joe Calzaghe, boxer, 31; Princess Eugenie of York, 13.