One of the key issues of this year's General Election is the environment.

Climate change is the fifth-most important issue, according to YouGov research, and is likely to be a major voting factor on July 4.

The major parties all have plans for the environment in their manifestos.

While these include some similarities, such as a form of windfall tax on oil and gas companies until 2029, the phasing out of carbonised electricity, and ramping up electric car sales, there are also differences regarding gas central heating and renewable energy sources, such as onshore wind.

We looked at the latest environment figures in Bolton ahead of the General Election.

Electric Vehicles

Labour said it will "support the transition to electric vehicles" and reinstate the ban on selling new petrol and diesel cars from 2030, a position echoed by the Liberal Democrats.

Prime Minister Rishi Sunak previously pushed the ban back to 2035.

The Reform Party said it would eradicate the ban entirely, while the Green Party said new sales should be banned by 2027, with petrol and diesel cars removed from the UK's roads entirely by 2035.

The push towards electric has been felt in Bolton, with 2,923 electric vehicles registered in the area by the end of 2023 – a significant rise on the 380 registered when the Tories were re-elected in 2019.

Across the UK, the number of licenced electric vehicles has rocketed from 265,000 in 2019 to 1.6 million last year.

The figures include private and company cars, vans, buses and other vehicles which are either plug-in hybrid or battery electric.

Labour and the Tories have both acknowledged access to charging points is a key barrier. The Conservatives set a target of 300,000 public chargers by 2030. As of April, there were 60,000 across the UK, including 76 in Bolton.

Of these locally available chargers, 33 were high-speed.

Active Travel

Measures to promote walking and cycling are featured in most major party manifestos.

Bolton has one of the lowest proportions of cycling for travel in England.

According to the Active Lives Survey, 12 per cent of people said they had cycled for travel across England at some point between November 2022 and November 2023.

However, in Bolton this figure was far lower – at just 4.9 per cent, with Rochdale the only local authority with a lower rate, at 4.7 per cent.

Cambridge had the highest rate, with 58.2 per cent saying they had cycled for travel in the year.

More than half of the country (55 per cent) said they had walked for travel in the same time period, with Bolton slightly lower, at 52 per cent.

Labour’s manifesto said it would give mayors powers to create integrated transport systems which would ‘promote active travel networks’ and that it would renew the road network ‘to ensure it serves drivers, cyclists and other road users’.

The Conservative manifesto said it would work to ‘make it safer for people to walk or cycle,’ but that it would ensure that any schemes introduced ‘have local support first’. The Liberal Democrats said it would invest in active travel with a nationwide strategy to create new cycling and walking networks, while the Greens said they would invest £2.5 billion a year into new cycleways and footpaths.

Reform said it would ‘Stop the War on Drivers’ by scrapping Low Traffic Neighbourhoods – where some routes are closed to drivers – and remove 20mph zones, except ‘where safety is critical’.

Sign up to our newsletters to get the latest stories sent straight to your inbox.

Gas Boilers and Heat Pumps

In its manifesto, Labour said "nobody will be forced to rip out their (gas) boiler" after the Tories watered down their ban on gas central heating – aiming only for an 80 per cent phase-out by 2035 instead.

Shadow energy secretary Ed Miliband told the Telegraph his party must "show heat pumps are affordable and are going to work for people" if they are to migrate from gas boilers.

Take-up on heat pumps remains slow across the UK, with fewer than 40,000 households installing one last year, although this is on course for close to 50,000 this year.

The Conservatives aimed for 600,000 heat pumps to be installed annually by 2028.

Set-up costs are between £10,000 and £12,000, compared to just £2,000 or £3,000 for a new gas boiler.

In Bolton just 300 households had a heat pump installed as of June.

Further census figures show 74 per cent of households across England and Wales had gas central heating – this rose to 81 per cent in Bolton.

Meanwhile, just 0.3 per cent of households in the area used any form of renewable energy.

Follow The Bolton News on Facebook, Instagram, X (Twitter), and TikTok.

Renewable Energy

While Labour is softer on heat pumps and gas central heating, it aims to decarbonise the UK's electricity supply by 2030, bringing forward the Conservatives' target by five years.

Mr Miliband said burning gas to generate electricity would undermine the move to powering homes, industry and cars electrically.

One way Labour aims to do this is to remove an onshore wind ban by scrapping the requirement of local support for proposed turbines.

Onshore wind across the UK produced 35,200 gigawatt-hours of energy in 2022 – this was the highest figure on record, though this fell to 32,400 GWh last year.

The latest regional figures cover up to 2022, and they show onshore wind in Bolton generated 44 megawatt-hours of energy.

Solar power provided the most energy with 19 GWh.

In total, renewable energy sources in the area generated 19 GWh – up from 19 in 2019.

According to Ofgem, the typical medium-sized UK home uses 0.0027 GWh, or 2,700 kWh of electricity in a year – meaning Bolton's renewable output could power the electricity of more than 7,000 homes.

Nationally, renewable energy sources accounted for 47 per cent of the country's electricity supply last year – up from 37 per cent in 2019.

If you have a story, I cover the whole borough of Bolton. Please get in touch at jack.fifield@newsquest.co.uk.